Il ruolo delle organizzazioni turistiche nell’OTD tra attese del modello e vuoti del sistema. Riflessioni critiche dalle prime evidenze empiriche

This article is part of the theoretical field of research on the processes of knowledge management in an integrated view of business and territory, in particular, the paper focuses on the role that these processes take place in the activities of destination management. After a review of the literature, the work deals with, through the methodology of the case, the role of tourism organization sin knowledge management processes, related to the project "Tourist Destination Observatory" (Italian acronym: OTD).. Tourist Destination Observatory, activated according to the European model NECSTouR (Network of European Regions for a Sustainable and Competitive Tourism) represents an experiment in sustainable territorial management, based on the presence of structured forms of social dialogue and on the construction of a measuring and monitoring system (through suitable indicators) for the competitiveness and sustainability of tourist destination. In OTD model, the tourism organization has got a central role in the generation of local knowledge, in a spiral process that starts from the individual and passes from this one to more complex groups. In this way knowledge spreads from a more restricted to a larger context; a knowledge that is enriched at each step and turns through the four processes already seen. The reality of the Observatory, examined through the cases of Abetone and Prato destinations, shows that the position of the tourist organizations is still incomplete, regarding the processes of the model of Nonaka: socialization, although improved between the first and the second phase of the project, is still limited to the institutional meeting; the process of outsourcing is even more critical, while the combination and internalization are affected by some of the deficit of the model, that is only focused on explicit and quantitative knowledge, provided by the organization to OTD indirectly (through municipal and provincial databases, etc..).