Menchettiite, AgPb2.40Mn1.60Sb3As2S12, a new sulfosalt belonging to the lillianite series from the Uchucchacua polymetallic deposit, Lima Department, Peru

Menchettiite, ideally AgPb2.40Mn1.60Sb3As2S12, is a new mineral from the Uchucchacua polymetallic deposit, Oyon district, Catajambo, Lima Department, Peru. It occurs as black, anhedral to subhedral grains up to 200 μm across, closely associated with orpiment, tennantite/tetrahedrite, other unnamed minerals of the system Pb-Ag-Sb-Mn-As-S, and calcite. Menchettiite is opaque with a metallic luster and possesses a black streak. It is brittle and neither fracture nor cleavage was observed; the Vickers microhardness (VHN100) is 128 kg/mm2 (range 119 - 136) (corresponding Mohs hardness of 2½ - 3). The calculated density is 5.146 g/cm3 (on the basis of the empirical formula). In plane-polarized incident light, menchettiite is weakly to moderately bireflectant and weakly pleochroic from dark grey to a dark green. Internal reflections are absent. Between crossed polars, the mineral is anisotropic, without characteristic rotation tints. Reflectance percentages (Rmin and Rmax) for the four standard COM wavelengths are 33.1, 39.8 (471.1 nm), 31.8, 38.0 (548.3 nm), 30.9, 37.3 (586.6 nm), and 29.0, 35.8 (652.3 nm), respectively. Menchettiite is monoclinic, space group P21/n, with unit-cell parameters: a 19.233(2), b 12.633(3), c 8.476(2) Å, β 90.08(2) °, V 2059.4(8) Å3, a : b : c 1.522:1:0.671, Z 2 and it is twinned on {100}. The crystal structure was refined to R = 0.0903 for 2365 reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo) and it resulted to be topologically identical to those of ramdohrite, uchucchacuaite and fizélyite. The six strongest X-ray powder-diffraction lines [d in Å (I/I0) (hkl)] are: 3.4066 (39) ( 12), 3.4025 (39) (312), 3.2853 (100) (520), 2.8535 (50) ( 32), 2.8519 (47) (232), and 2.1190 (33) (004). Electron-microprobe analyses gave the chemical formula Ag1.95Cu0.01Pb4.81Mn3.20Fe0.02Zn0.01Sb6.09As3.94Bi0.01S23.95Se0.01, on the basis of 44 atoms and according to the structure refinement results. Menchettiite can be classified among the Sb-rich members of the lillianite homeotypic series which are described with the general formula AgxPb3-2xSb2+xS6. Besides the heterovalent substitution 2Pb2+ → Ag+ + Sb3+ taken into consideration by the above formula, two isovalent substitutions relate menchettiite to the others lillianite homeotypes, i.e. Mn2+ → Pb2+ and As3+ → Sb3+. The name is after Silvio Menchetti (1937), Professor of Mineralogy and Crystallography at the University of Florence. The new mineral and mineral name have been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification, IMA (2011-009).