Stability of root coverage outcomes at single maxillary gingival recession with loss of interdental attachment: 3-year extension results from a randomized, controlled, clinical trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the stability of root coverage outcomes 3 years after Connective Tissue Graft (CTG) plus Coronally Advanced Flap (CAF) or CAF alone at single maxillary gingival recession with minimal inter-dental clinical attachment loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four of the original 29 patients, 13 treated with CAF + CTG and 11 with CAF, were available for the 3-year follow-up. Measurements were performed by a blind and calibrated examiner. Outcome measures included complete root coverage (CRC), recession reduction (RecRed), Root coverage Esthetic Score (RES) and Keratinized Tissue (KT) Gain. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate patient satisfaction. RESULTS: After 3 years, CAF + CTG resulted in better outcomes in terms of CRC (p = 0.0054) than CAF alone. No difference was detected in terms of RecRed, RES score and VAS values. Furthermore, CAF + CTG was associated with higher KT gain than CAF at the last follow-up (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Root coverage outcomes in single gingival recession with inter-dental CAL loss are stable after 3 years. The application of CTG under CAF was associated with increased probability to obtain CRC than CAF alone at the final follow-up.