The Roman Cement identifies a natural, highly hydraulic binder, produced from marly limestones, with high amount of clay minerals, diffusely used in the Europe since the XIX century In this contribution an experimental approach in order to investigate the possibility that some Italian limestones were used, in the early XX century, for the production of Roman Cement is proposed. For this purpose samples of “Pietra Alberese”, a marly limestone, belonging to the Monte Morello Formation (Paleocene-Eocene age-Ligurides sequences used since Roman times for the production of “lime” in Tuscany (Italy) were selected. By burning these stones at 950°C, specimens of binders were realized. The samples of Alberese were selected on the basis of different amount of clay minerals. The characteristics of these binders were compared with the binder obtained by burning a French marly limestone, belonging to a Cretaceous Formation of the Massif de La Chartreuse, located in the French region of Rhônes-Alpes, commercially used for the production of French Roman Cement. All samples of carbonatic stones were preliminarily characterised from the chemical (XRF), mineralogical (XRDP, TGA), petrographic (PLM) and physical point of view. The colorimetric coordinates expressed in CIElab system were measured with a Minolta colorimeter on the rock samples and on the hardened binder samples. The binder samples obtained by burning were characterized trough XRD, FT-IR, TGA and SEM EDS techniques. The mechanical characteristics were measured with a Drilling Resistance Measurement System (DRMS). The morphological and SEM EDS microchemical data and the physical and mechanical characteristics determined on the binder realized with the Pietra Alberese more rich in clay minerals are comparable with those obtained from the binder realized by burning the French marly limestone at 950 °C, confirming that some levels of Alberese can be used from the production of Roman Cement.
Production of the Roman Cement in Italy: identification of a raw material used in Tuscany between XIXth and XXth century / Cantisani, E.; Falabella, A.; Fratini, F.; Pecchioni, E.; Vettori, S.; Antonelli, F.; Giamello, M.; Lezzerini, M.. - STAMPA. - (2016), pp. 93-93. (Intervento presentato al convegno IX Congresso Nazionale AIAr Arcavacata di Rende, 9-11 Marzo 2016 tenutosi a Arcavacata di Rende Cosenza nel 9-11 Marzo 2016).
Production of the Roman Cement in Italy: identification of a raw material used in Tuscany between XIXth and XXth century
PECCHIONI, ELENA;
2016
Abstract
The Roman Cement identifies a natural, highly hydraulic binder, produced from marly limestones, with high amount of clay minerals, diffusely used in the Europe since the XIX century In this contribution an experimental approach in order to investigate the possibility that some Italian limestones were used, in the early XX century, for the production of Roman Cement is proposed. For this purpose samples of “Pietra Alberese”, a marly limestone, belonging to the Monte Morello Formation (Paleocene-Eocene age-Ligurides sequences used since Roman times for the production of “lime” in Tuscany (Italy) were selected. By burning these stones at 950°C, specimens of binders were realized. The samples of Alberese were selected on the basis of different amount of clay minerals. The characteristics of these binders were compared with the binder obtained by burning a French marly limestone, belonging to a Cretaceous Formation of the Massif de La Chartreuse, located in the French region of Rhônes-Alpes, commercially used for the production of French Roman Cement. All samples of carbonatic stones were preliminarily characterised from the chemical (XRF), mineralogical (XRDP, TGA), petrographic (PLM) and physical point of view. The colorimetric coordinates expressed in CIElab system were measured with a Minolta colorimeter on the rock samples and on the hardened binder samples. The binder samples obtained by burning were characterized trough XRD, FT-IR, TGA and SEM EDS techniques. The mechanical characteristics were measured with a Drilling Resistance Measurement System (DRMS). The morphological and SEM EDS microchemical data and the physical and mechanical characteristics determined on the binder realized with the Pietra Alberese more rich in clay minerals are comparable with those obtained from the binder realized by burning the French marly limestone at 950 °C, confirming that some levels of Alberese can be used from the production of Roman Cement.
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