In both multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the regulation of the cytokine spectrum and production is likely to have a decisive influence on disease outcome.Studies of cytokines, however, are hampered by the autocrine or paracrine nature of cytokines. Studies of cellular production by messenger RNA detection or cellular secretion are therefore necessary. Collective data suggest that certain cytokines associated with the TH 1 phenotype or lymphocytes, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, lymphotoxin, interleukin-12, and interferon gamma, may promote disease, while cytokines produced by the TH 2 subset, such as interleukin-10, may limit disease. In addition, transforming growth factor beta is a putative disease downregulator. Increased knowledge in this field will likely lead to improved therapy for MS patients. © 1995 American Academy of Neurology.
Cytokine-producing cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis / Olsson, Tomas; Paul, W.E.; Seder, R.A.; Czerkinsky, C.; Andersson, G.; Ekre, H.P.; Kabilan, L.; Andersson, G.; Lolli, F.; Olsson, T.; Wang, W.Z.; Hojeberg, B.; Mossman, T.R.; Coffman, R.L.; Romagnani, S.; Heinzel, F.P.; Sadick, M.D.; Holaday, B.J.; Robinson, D.S.; Hamid, Q.; Ying, S.; Murray, J.S.; Madri, J.; Tite, J.; Murray, J.S.; Pfeiffer, C.; Madri, J.; Bottomly, K.; Mustafa, M.; Vingsbo, C.; Olsson, T.; Mustafa, M.; Vingsbo, C.; Olsson, T.; Scott, B.; Liblau, R.; Degermann, S.; Mcguire, W.; Hill, A.; Allsopp, C.; Kies, N.W.; Murphy, J.B.; Alvord, E.C.; Waksman, B.H.; Adams, R.D.; Ben-Nun, A.; Wekerle, H.; Cohen, I.; Sedgwick, J.D.; Mcphee, J.H.M.; Puklawec, M.; Ando, D.G.; Clayton, J.; Kono, D.; Baron, J.L.; Madri, J.A.; Ruddle, N.H.; Van Der Veen, R.; Stohlman, S.A.; Mustafa, M.; Diener, P.; Hojeberg, B.; Renno, T.; Lin, J.Y.; Piccirillo, C.; Kennedy, M.K.; Torrance, D.S.; Picha, K.S.; Mohler, K.M.; Ruddle, N.; Powell, M.B.; Mitchell, D.; Lederman, J.; Ruddle, N.; Bergman, C.M.; Mcgrath, K.M.; Selmaj, K.W.; Raine, C.S.; Chan, S.H.; Perussia, B.; Gupta, J.W.; Schoenhaut, D.; Chua, A.; Wolitzky, A.G.; Correale, J.; Olsson, T.; Bjork, J.; Mustafa, M.; Diener, P.; Sun, J.B.; Barten, D.M.; Ruddle, N.H.; Billiau, A.; Heremans, H.; Vandekerckhove, F.; Duong, T.T.; St-Louis, J.; Gilbert, J.J.; Voorthuis, J.A.C.; Uitdenhaag, B.M.J.; De Root, C.J.A.; Adams, D.O.; Hamilton, T.A.; Duijvestijn, A.M.; Schreiber, A.B.; Butcher, E.C.; Collart, M.A.; Belin, D.; Vassalli, J.D.; Kamijo, R.; Le, J.; Shapiro, D.; Khoury, S.J.; Hancock, W.W.; Weiner, H.L.; Karpus, W.J.; Swanborg, R.H.; Miller, A.; Alsabagh, A.; Santos, L.M.B.; Schluesener, H.J.; Lider, O.; Racke, M.; Canella, B.; Albert, P.; Stevens, D.; Gould, K.; Swanborg, R.; Frei, K.; Nadal, D.; Pfister, H.W.; Fontana, A.; Howard, M.; O'Garra, A.; Rott, O.; Fleischer, B.; Cash, E.; Hofman, F.M.; Hinton, D.R.; Johnson, K.; Merrill, J.E.; Selmaj, K.; Raine, C.; Cannella, B.; Brosnan, C.; Sharief, M.K.; Hentges, R.; Rieckmann, P.; Albrecht, M.; Kitze, B.; Link, J.; Soderstrom, M.; Olsson, T.; Olsson, T.; Sun, J.; Hiller, J.; Sun, J.B.; Olsson, T.; Wang, W.Z.; Sun, J.B.; Link, H.; Xiao, B.G.; Panitch, H.S.; Hirsch, R.L.; Schindler, J.; Johnson, K.P.; Noronha, A.; Toscas, A.; Jensen, M.A.; Durelli, L.; Bongioanni, M.R.; Cavallo, R.; Navikas, V.; Link, J.; Palasik, W.. - In: NEUROLOGY. - ISSN 0028-3878. - STAMPA. - 45:(1995), pp. S11-S15.
Cytokine-producing cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis
LOLLI, FRANCESCO;
1995
Abstract
In both multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the regulation of the cytokine spectrum and production is likely to have a decisive influence on disease outcome.Studies of cytokines, however, are hampered by the autocrine or paracrine nature of cytokines. Studies of cellular production by messenger RNA detection or cellular secretion are therefore necessary. Collective data suggest that certain cytokines associated with the TH 1 phenotype or lymphocytes, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, lymphotoxin, interleukin-12, and interferon gamma, may promote disease, while cytokines produced by the TH 2 subset, such as interleukin-10, may limit disease. In addition, transforming growth factor beta is a putative disease downregulator. Increased knowledge in this field will likely lead to improved therapy for MS patients. © 1995 American Academy of Neurology.I documenti in FLORE sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.