Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Wang, Haidong; Naghavi, Mohsen; Allen, Christine; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Alan Zian Chen,; Coates, Matthew M.; Coggeshall, Megan; Dandona, Lalit; Dicker, Daniel J.; Erskine, Holly E.; Ferrari, Alize J.; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Foreman, Kyle; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Fraser, Maya S.; Fullman, Nancy; Gething, Peter W.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Graetz, Nicholas; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hay, Simon I.; Huynh, Chantal; Johnson, Catherine O.; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Xie Rachel Kulikoff,; Kutz, Michael; Kyu, Hmwe H.; Larson, Heidi J.; Leung, Janni; Liang, Xiaofeng; Lim, Stephen S.; Lind, Margaret; Lozano, Rafael; Marquez, Neal; Mensah, George A.; Mikesell, Joe; Mokdad, Ali H.; Mooney, Meghan D.; Nguyen, Grant; Nsoesie, Elaine; Pigott, David M.; Pinho, Christine; Roth, Gregory A.; Salomon, Joshua A.; Sandar, Logan; Silpakit, Naris; Sligar, Amber; Sorensen, Reed J. D.; Stanaway, Jeffrey; Steiner, Caitlyn; Teeple, Stephanie; Thomas, Bernadette A.; Troeger, Christopher; Vanderzanden, Amelia; Stein Emil Vollset,; Wanga, Valentine; Whiteford, Harvey A.; Wolock, Timothy; Zoeckler, Leo; Kalkidan Hassen Abate,; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M.; Foad Abd Allah,; Semaw Ferede Abera,; Abreu, Daisy M. X.; Abu Raddad, Laith J.; Gebre Yitayih Abyu,; Achoki, Tom; Ademola Lukman Adelekan,; Ademi, Zanfina; Arsène Kouablan Adou,; Adsuar, José C.; Kossivi Agbelenko Afanvi,; Afshin, Ashkan; Emilie Elisabet Agardh,; Agarwal, Arnav; Agrawal, Anurag; Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri,; Ajala, Oluremi N.; Ali Shafqat Akanda,; Rufus Olusola Akinyemi,; Akinyemiju, Tomi F.; Akseer, Nadia; Faris Hasan Al Lami,; Alabed, Samer; Ziyad Al Aly,; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Noore K. M.; Alasfoor, Deena; Saleh Fahed Aldhahri,; Robert William Aldridge,; Miguel Angel Alegretti,; Aleman, Alicia V.; Zewdie Aderaw Alemu,; Alexander, Lily T.; Alhabib, Samia; Ali, Raghib; Alkerwi, Ala'A; Alla, François; Allebeck, Peter; Rajaa Al Raddadi,; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Elena Alvarez Martin,; Nelson Alvis Guzman,; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Adeladza Kofi Amegah,; Ameh, Emmanuel A.; Amini, Heresh; Ammar, Walid; Stephen Marc Amrock,; Andersen, Hjalte H.; Anderson, Benjamin O.; Anderson, Gregory M.; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Atsede Fantahun Aregay,; Ärnlöv, Johan; Arsic Arsenijevic, Valentina S.; Artaman, Al; Asayesh, Hamid; Rana Jawad Asghar,; Atique, Suleman; Arthur Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G.; Awasthi, Ashish; Azzopardi, Peter; Bacha, Umar; Badawi, Alaa; Bahit, Maria C.; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Banerjee, Amitava; Barac, Aleksandra; Barker Collo, Suzanne L.; Bärnighausen, Till; Barregard, Lars; Barrero, Lope H.; Basu, Arindam; Basu, Sanjay; Yibeltal Tebekaw Bayou,; Shahrzad Bazargan Hejazi,; Beardsley, Justin; Bedi, Neeraj; Beghi, Ettore; Haileeyesus Adamu Belay,; Bell, Brent; Bell, Michelle L.; Bello, Aminu K.; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Berhane, Adugnaw; Bernabé, Eduardo; Balem Demtsu Betsu,; Addisu Shunu Beyene,; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhalla, Ashish; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Bikbov, Boris; Bin Abdulhak, Aref A.; Biroscak, Brian J.; Biryukov, Stan; Bjertness, Espen; Blore, Jed D.; Blosser, Christopher D.; Bohensky, Megan A.; Borschmann, Rohan; Bose, Dipan; Bourne, Rupert R. A.; Brainin, Michael; Brayne, Carol E. G.; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Brenner, Hermann; Brewer, Jerry D.; Brown, Alexandria; Brown, Jonathan; Brugha, Traolach S.; Geoffrey Colin Buckle,; Butt, Zahid A.; Calabria, Bianca; Ismael Ricardo Campos Nonato,; Julio Cesar Campuzano,; Carapetis, Jonathan R.; Cárdenas, Rosario; Carpenter, David O.; Juan Jesus Carrero,; Castañeda Orjuela, Carlos A.; Jacqueline Castillo Rivas,; Ferrán Catalá López,; Cavalleri, Fiorella; Cercy, Kelly; Cerda, Jorge; Chen, Wanqing; Chew, Adrienne; Peggy Pei Chia Chiang,; Chibalabala, Mirriam; Chioma Ezinne Chibueze,; Odgerel Chimed Ochir,; Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,; Jee Young Jasmine Choi,; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher,; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cirillo, Massimo; Cohen, Aaron J.; Colistro, Valentina; Colomar, Mercedes; Colquhoun, Samantha M.; Cooper, Cyrus; Leslie Trumbull Cooper,; Cortinovis, Monica; Cowie, Benjamin C.; Crump, John A.; James Damsere Derry,; Danawi, Hadi; Dandona, Rakhi; Daoud, Farah; Darby, Sarah C.; Dargan, Paul I.; José Das Neves,; Davey, Gail; Davis, Adrian C.; Davitoiu, Dragos V.; Filipa De Castro, E.; Pieter De Jager,; Diego De Leo,; Degenhardt, Louisa; Dellavalle, Robert P.; Deribe, Kebede; Deribew, Amare; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Dhillon, Preet K.; Cesar Diaz Torné,; Ding, Eric L.; Kadine Priscila Bender Dos Santos,; Dossou, Edem; Driscoll, Tim R.; Duan, Leilei; Dubey, Manisha; Bruce Bartholow Duncan,; Ellenbogen, Richard G.; Christian Lycke Ellingsen,; Elyazar, Iqbal; Aman Yesuf Endries,; Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,; Eshrati, Babak; Esteghamati, Alireza; Estep, Kara; Faghmous, Imad D. A.; Fahimi, Saman; Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon,; Farid, Talha A.; Sa Farinha, Carla Sofia E.; Faro, André; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L.; Seyed Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,; Fernandes, Jefferson G.; Fernandes, Joao C.; Fischer, Florian; Fitchett, Joseph R. A.; Flaxman, Abraham; Foigt, Nataliya; Fowkes, F. Gerry R.; Elisabeth Barboza Franca,; Franklin, Richard C.; Friedman, Joseph; Frostad, Joseph; Fürst, Thomas; Futran, Neal D.; Gall, Seana L.; Gambashidze, Ketevan; Gamkrelidze, Amiran; Ganguly, Parthasarathi; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé,; Gebre, Teshome; Tsegaye Tsewelde Gebrehiwot,; Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin,; Alemseged Aregay Gebru,; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Gessner, Bradford D.; Aloke Gopal Ghoshal,; Gibney, Katherine B.; Gillum, Richard F.; Gilmour, Stuart; Ababi Zergaw Giref,; Giroud, Maurice; Melkamu Dedefo Gishu,; Giussani, Giorgia; Glaser, Elizabeth; Godwin, William W.; Hector Gomez Dantes,; Gona, Philimon; Goodridge, Amador; Sameer Vali Gopalani,; Gosselin, Richard A.; Gotay, Carolyn C.; Goto, Atsushi; Gouda, Hebe N.; Greaves, Felix; Harish Chander Gugnani,; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Vipin; Gutiérrez, Reyna A.; Nima Hafezi Nejad,; Haile, Demewoz; Alemayehu Desalegne Hailu,; Gessessew Bugssa Hailu,; Halasa, Yara A.; Randah Ribhi Hamadeh,; Hamidi, Samer; Hancock, Jamie; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Josep Maria Haro,; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Heckbert, Susan R.; Ileana Beatriz Heredia Pi,; Heydarpour, Pouria; Hilderink, Henk B. M.; Hoek, Hans W.; Hogg, Robert S.; Horino, Masako; Horita, Nobuyuki; Dean Hosgood, H.; Hotez, Peter J.; Hoy, Damian G.; Hsairi, Mohamed; Aung Soe Htet,; Maung Maung Than Htike,; Guoqing, Hu; Huang, Cheng; Huang, Hsiang; Huiart, Laetitia; Husseini, Abdullatif; Huybrechts, Inge; Huynh, Grace; Kim Moesgaard Iburg,; Innos, Kaire; Inoue, Manami; Iyer, Veena J.; Jacobs, Troy A.; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B.; James, Peter; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayaraman, Sudha P.; Achala Upendra Jayatilleke,; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jensen, Paul N.; Jha, Vivekanand; Jiang, Guohong; Jiang, Ying; Jibat, Tariku; Aida Jimenez Corona,; Jonas, Jost B.; Tushar Kant Joshi,; Kabir, Zubair; Kamal, Ritul; Kan, Haidong; Kant, Surya; Karch, André; Corine Kakizi Karema,; Karimkhani, Chante; Karletsos, Dimitris; Karthikeyan, Ganesan; Kasaeian, Amir; Katibeh, Marzieh; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Jeanne Françoise Kayibanda,; Peter Njenga Keiyoro,; Kemmer, Laura; Andrew Haddon Kemp,; Andre Pascal Kengne,; Keren, Andre; Kereselidze, Maia; Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran,; Yousef Saleh Khader,; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Abdur Rahman Khan,; Ejaz Ahmad Khan,; Young Ho Khang,; Khera, Sahil; Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja,; Kieling, Christian; Kim, Daniel; Yun Jin Kim,; Kissela, Brett M.; Kissoon, Niranjan; Knibbs, Luke D.; Ann Kristin Knudsen,; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolte, Dhaval; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosen, Soewarta; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Norun Hjertager Krog,; Barthelemy Kuate Defo,; Burcu Kucuk Bicer,; Kudom, Andreas A.; Kuipers, Ernst J.; Kulkarni, Veena S.; Anil Kumar, G.; Kwan, Gene F.; Lal, Aparna; Dharmesh Kumar Lal,; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lam, Hilton; Lam, Jennifer O.; Langan, Sinead M.; Lansingh, Van C.; Larsson, Anders; Dennis Odai Laryea,; Asma Abdul Latif,; Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz,; Leigh, James; Levi, Miriam; Yongmei, Li; Patrice Lindsay, M.; Lipshultz, Steven E.; Liu, Patrick Y.; Liu, Shiwei; Liu, Yang; Loon Tzian Lo,; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lucas, Robyn M.; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Lyons, Ronan A.; Stefan, Ma; Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado,; Mackay, Mark T.; Maclachlan, Jennifer H.; Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek,; Magdy, Mohammed; Abd El Razek,; Majdan, Marek; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Wondimu Ayele Ayele Manamo,; Mandisarisa, John; Mangalam, Srikanth; Mapoma, Chabila C.; Marcenes, Wagner; David Joel Margolis,; Gerard Robert Martin,; Jose Martinez Raga,; Melvin Barrientos Marzan,; Masiye, Felix; Mason Jones, Amanda J.; Massano, João; Matzopoulos, Richard; Mayosi, Bongani M.; Stephen Theodore Mcgarvey,; Mcgrath, John J.; Mckee, Martin; Mcmahon, Brian J.; Meaney, Peter A.; Mehari, Alem; Man Mohan Mehndiratta,; Fabiola Mejia Rodriguez,; Mekonnen, Alemayehu B.; Yohannes Adama Melaku,; Memiah, Peter; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Francis Apolinary Mhimbira,; Micha, Renata; Miller, Ted R.; Mirarefin, Mojde; Misganaw, Awoke; Mock, Charles N.; Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad,; Mohammadi, Alireza; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohan, Viswanathan; Mola, Glen Liddell D.; Monasta, Lorenzo; Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez,; Montero, Pablo; Montico, Marcella; Montine, Thomas J.; Maziar Moradi Lakeh,; Morawska, Lidia; Morgan, Katherine; Mori, Rintaro; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Mueller, Ulrich O.; Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana Murthy,; Murthy, Srinivas; Kamarul Imran Musa,; Nachega, Jean B.; Nagel, Gabriele; Naidoo, Kovin S.; Naik, Nitish; Naldi, Luigi; Nangia, Vinay; Nash, Denis; Nejjari, Chakib; Neupane, Subas; Newton, Charles R.; Newton, John N.; Marie, Ng; Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni,; Jean De Dieu Ngirabega,; Quyen Le Nguyen,; Muhammad Imran Nisar,; Patrick Martial Nkamedjie Pete,; Nomura, Marika; Norheim, Ole F.; Norman, Paul E.; Norrving, Bo; Nyakarahuka, Luke; Felix Akpojene Ogbo,; Ohkubo, Takayoshi; Foluke Adetola Ojelabi,; Olivares, Pedro R.; Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya,; Jacob Olusegun Olusanya,; John Nelson Opio,; Oren, Eyal; Ortiz, Alberto; Osman, Majdi; Ota, Erika; Ozdemir, Raziye; Mahesh, Pa; Pandian, Jeyaraj D.; Puspa Raj Pant,; Papachristou, Christina; Eun Kee Park,; Jae Hyun Park,; Parry, Charles D.; Parsaeian, Mahboubeh; Paternina Caicedo, Angel J.; Patten, Scott B.; Patton, George C.; Paul, Vinod K.; Pearce, Neil; João Mário Pedro,; Ljiljana Pejin Stokic,; Pereira, David M.; Perico, Norberto; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petzold, Max; Michael Robert Phillips,; Piel, Frédéric B.; Julian David Pillay,; Plass, Dietrich; Platts Mills, James A.; Polinder, Suzanne; Arden Pope, C.; Popova, Svetlana; Poulton, Richie G.; Pourmalek, Farshad; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Qorbani, Mostafa; Justice Quame Amaglo,; Alex Quistberg, D.; Rafay, Anwar; Rahimi, Kazem; Vafa Rahimi Movaghar,; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman,; Sajjad Ur Rahman,; Rajesh Kumar Rai,; Rajavi, Zhale; Rajsic, Sasa; Raju, Murugesan; Rakovac, Ivo; Rana, Saleem M.; Ranabhat, Chhabi L.; Rangaswamy, Thara; Rao, Puja; Rao, Sowmya R.; Refaat, Amany H.; Rehm, Jürgen; Reitsma, Marissa B.; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Resnikoff, Serge; Ribeiro, Antonio L.; Ricci, Stefano; Maria Jesus Rios Blancas,; Roberts, Bayard; Roca, Anna; David Rojas Rueda,; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rothenbacher, Dietrich; Roy, Ambuj; Roy, Nawal K.; George Mugambage Ruhago,; Sagar, Rajesh; Saha, Sukanta; Sahathevan, Ramesh; Muhammad Muhammad Saleh,; Sanabria, Juan R.; Maria Dolores Sanchez Niño,; Lidia Sanchez Riera,; Santos, Itamar S.; Rodrigo Sarmiento Suarez,; Sartorius, Benn; Satpathy, Maheswar; Savic, Miloje; Sawhney, Monika; Schaub, Michael P.; Maria Inês Schmidt,; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Schöttker, Ben; Schutte, Aletta E.; Schwebel, David C.; Seedat, Soraya; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servan Mori, Edson E.; Shackelford, Katya A.; Shaddick, Gavin; Shaheen, Amira; Shahraz, Saeid; Masood Ali Shaikh,; Marina Shakh Nazarova,; Sharma, Rajesh; She, Jun; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Shen, Jiabin; Shen, Ziyan; Shepard, Donald S.; Sheth, Kevin N.; Shetty, Balakrishna P.; Shi, Peilin; Shibuya, Kenji; Min Jeong Shin,; Shiri, Rahman; Shiue, Ivy; Shrime, Mark G.; Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,; Silberberg, Donald H.; Diego Augusto Santos Silva,; Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira,; Silverberg, Jonathan I.; Simard, Edgar P.; Singh, Abhishek; Singh, Gitanjali M.; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Om Prakash Singh,; Prashant Kumar Singh,; Singh, Virendra; Soneji, Samir; Søreide, Kjetil; Soriano, Joan B.; Sposato, Luciano A.; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.; Stathopoulou, Vasiliki; Stein, Dan J.; Stein, Murray B.; Stranges, Saverio; Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos; Sunguya, Bruno F.; Sur, Patrick; Swaminathan, Soumya; Sykes, Bryan L.; Szoeke, Cassandra E. I.; Rafael Tabarés Seisdedos,; Tabb, Karen M.; Takahashi, Ken; Takala, Jukka S.; Roberto Tchio Talongwa,; Tandon, Nikhil; Tavakkoli, Mohammad; Taye, Bineyam; Taylor, Hugh R.; Te Ao, Braden J.; Bemnet Amare Tedla,; Worku Mekonnen Tefera,; Margreet Ten Have,; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,; Fisaha Haile Tesfay,; Gizachew Assefa Tessema,; Thomson, Alan J.; Thorne Lyman, Andrew L.; Thrift, Amanda G.; Thurston, George D.; Tillmann, Taavi; Tirschwell, David L.; Tonelli, Marcello; Roman Topor Madry,; Topouzis, Fotis; Jeffrey Allen Towbin,; Traebert, Jefferson; Bach Xuan Tran,; Truelsen, Thomas; Trujillo, Ulises; Abera Kenay Tura,; Emin Murat Tuzcu,; Uchendu, Uche S.; Ukwaja, Kingsley N.; Undurraga, Eduardo A.; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Rita Van Dingenen,; Aaron Van Donkelaar,; Vasankari, Tommi; Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos,; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Vidavalur, Ramesh; Vijayakumar, Lakshmi; Villalpando, Salvador; Violante, Francesco S.; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov,; Wagner, Joseph A.; Wagner, Gregory R.; Wallin, Mitchell T.; Wang, Linhong; Watkins, David A.; Weichenthal, Scott; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weintraub, Robert G.; Werdecker, Andrea; Westerman, Ronny; White, Richard A.; Wijeratne, Tissa; Wilkinson, James D.; Williams, Hywel C.; Charles Shey Wiysonge,; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes,; Wolfe, Charles D. A.; Won, Sungho; Wong, John Q.; Woolf, Anthony D.; Xavier, Denis; Xiao, Qingyang; Gelin, Xu; Yakob, Bereket; Ayalnesh Zemene Yalew,; Yan, Lijing L.; Yano, Yuichiro; Yaseri, Mehdi; Pengpeng, Ye; Henock Gebremedhin Yebyo,; Yip, Paul; Biruck Desalegn Yirsaw,; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yonga, Gerald; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Shicheng, Yu; Zaidi, Zoubida; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,; Zannad, Faiez; Zavala, Diego E.; Zeeb, Hajo; Zeleke, Berihun M.; Zhang, Hao; Zodpey, Sanjay; Zonies, David; Liesl Joanna Zuhlke,; Vos, Theo; Lopez, Alan D.; Murray, Christopher J. L.

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1

The study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2015.

Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 / Haidong Wang, Mohsen Naghavi, Christine Allen, Ryan M Barber, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Austin Carter, Daniel C Casey, Fiona J Charlson, Alan Zian Chen, Matthew M Coates, Megan Coggeshall, Lalit Dandona, Daniel J Dicker, Holly E Erskine, Alize J Ferrari, Christina Fitzmaurice, Kyle Foreman, Mohammad H Forouzanfar, Maya S Fraser, Nancy Fullman, et al.. - In: THE LANCET. - ISSN 0140-6736. - STAMPA. - 388:(2016), pp. 1459-1544. [10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1]