An improved formulation for speed of sound in two-phase systems and development of 1D model for supersonic nozzle

The Speed of sound is one of the most prominent parameters in the fluid dynamics and aerodynamic studies. A major challenge lies in the fact that two-phase region properties are dramatically different from the single phase condition and the simple models do not satisfy the adequate accuracy required for the sound speed prediction. The present research explores various attempts for calculating the speed of sound and suggests a new practical equation which is correlated with fluid properties and it is developed by genetic Algorithm. The obtained results are encouraging and the final derived model has the most accuracy for the two-phase region covering different types of thermodynamic processes. In addition, the new model and the classic 1D model are combined to perform an analysis of the role of the two-phase sound speed consideration. The temperature and the pressure profiles inside a converging - diverging nozzle are investigated, representing the phase-change phenomena inside the supersonic nozzle. The related Mach number and the nozzle performance are studied using the proposed model.