PURPOSE Hydration plays an important role in sports and this is related with muscle injuries. The lower limbs are the part of the body most utilized by soccer players. Recent studies proposed a new approach with segmental bio impedance analysis for the assessment of hydration status of the lower limbs. The aim of this study was to record variations in total body and segmental changes of bioelectrical values during a weekly micro cycle in elite soccer players. METHODS Twelve elite soccer players (ages 22.0±2.7, height 75.7±5.6 kg, weight 1.81±0.2 m) were enrolled. During 4 consecutive weeks, 3 different athletes per week were submitted a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA 101 Sport Edition, Akern – Italy) for total body and lower limb assessments of hydration status. The evaluations were carried out on Tuesday (TU), Wednesday (WE), Thursday (TH) and Friday (FR) in the morning and without any physical activity in the previous 12 hours. The values of Resistance (Rz) and Reactance (Xc) were normalized according to height for total assessment and according to lower limb length for segmental assessment. Phase Angle (PA) was also analyzed. ANOVA test for repeated measures was performed in order to verify any possible difference among different days of training. RESULTS The weekly trend in total body values was: Rz (ohm/m): TU 257.4±17.0, WE 261.8±18.5, TH 258.7±16.2, FR 262.5±16.3 Xc (ohm/m): TU 32.9±4.3, WE 33.1±3.2, TH 33.1±3.0, FR 33.3±3.3 PA (°): TU 7.3±0.7, WE 7.2±0.6, TH 7.3±0.6, FR 7.2±0.7 The weekly trend in lower limb values was: Rz (ohm/m): TU 211.3±15.9, WE 213.8±16.8, TH 211.1±16.6, FR 217.1±14.4. Xc (ohm/m): TU 30.5±4.1, WE 30.2±2.5, TH 30.5±4.3, FR 30.4±4.2 PA (°): TU 8.2±0.8, WE 8.1±0.7, TH 8.2±1.0, FR 8.0±1.1 No differences were found in total body evaluation; a statistical difference was found in Friday Rz value in segmental evaluation (p<0.05) in comparison with Tuesday and Thursday. CONCLUSIONS In such a short period as one week, total body evaluation does not seem to be a sensible method for evaluating hydration status in athletes. The variations for training dues are specificity for lower limb especially in Rz values: the amount of water appears higher the day after a greater physical exertion
Total and Segmental Hydration in Elite Soccer Players / Francini, Lorenzo; Petri, Cristian; Mascherini, Gabriele; Fabbrizzi, Yuri; Bini, Vittorio; Galanti, Giorgio. - In: MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE. - ISSN 0195-9131. - ELETTRONICO. - 46:(2015), pp. 774-774. [10.1249/01.mss.0000479359.31449.e9]
Total and Segmental Hydration in Elite Soccer Players
Petri, Cristian;Mascherini, Gabriele;Galanti, Giorgio
2015
Abstract
PURPOSE Hydration plays an important role in sports and this is related with muscle injuries. The lower limbs are the part of the body most utilized by soccer players. Recent studies proposed a new approach with segmental bio impedance analysis for the assessment of hydration status of the lower limbs. The aim of this study was to record variations in total body and segmental changes of bioelectrical values during a weekly micro cycle in elite soccer players. METHODS Twelve elite soccer players (ages 22.0±2.7, height 75.7±5.6 kg, weight 1.81±0.2 m) were enrolled. During 4 consecutive weeks, 3 different athletes per week were submitted a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA 101 Sport Edition, Akern – Italy) for total body and lower limb assessments of hydration status. The evaluations were carried out on Tuesday (TU), Wednesday (WE), Thursday (TH) and Friday (FR) in the morning and without any physical activity in the previous 12 hours. The values of Resistance (Rz) and Reactance (Xc) were normalized according to height for total assessment and according to lower limb length for segmental assessment. Phase Angle (PA) was also analyzed. ANOVA test for repeated measures was performed in order to verify any possible difference among different days of training. RESULTS The weekly trend in total body values was: Rz (ohm/m): TU 257.4±17.0, WE 261.8±18.5, TH 258.7±16.2, FR 262.5±16.3 Xc (ohm/m): TU 32.9±4.3, WE 33.1±3.2, TH 33.1±3.0, FR 33.3±3.3 PA (°): TU 7.3±0.7, WE 7.2±0.6, TH 7.3±0.6, FR 7.2±0.7 The weekly trend in lower limb values was: Rz (ohm/m): TU 211.3±15.9, WE 213.8±16.8, TH 211.1±16.6, FR 217.1±14.4. Xc (ohm/m): TU 30.5±4.1, WE 30.2±2.5, TH 30.5±4.3, FR 30.4±4.2 PA (°): TU 8.2±0.8, WE 8.1±0.7, TH 8.2±1.0, FR 8.0±1.1 No differences were found in total body evaluation; a statistical difference was found in Friday Rz value in segmental evaluation (p<0.05) in comparison with Tuesday and Thursday. CONCLUSIONS In such a short period as one week, total body evaluation does not seem to be a sensible method for evaluating hydration status in athletes. The variations for training dues are specificity for lower limb especially in Rz values: the amount of water appears higher the day after a greater physical exertion
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