Oncologic Effect of Cumulative Smoking Exposure in Patients Treated With Salvage Radical Prostatectomy for Radiation-recurrent Prostate Cancer

Smoking is associated with prostate cancer mortality and disease progression after treatment for clinically nonmetastatic prostate cancer with curative intent. We investigated the effect of smoking on biochemical recurrence and metastasis in a retrospective cohort of 214 radiation-recurrent prostate cancer patients who underwent salvage radical prostatectomy. High cumulative smoking exposure was associated with the bio- logic and clinical aggressiveness of prostate cancer and was an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence after adjusting for established clinicopathologic features. These data support the body of evidence that smoking is detrimental beyond the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer, even when the disease is more advanced.