Gut inflammatory diseases, infection, and nutrition

There is a strong link between inflammation, infectious agents, and nutritional status. Millions of people suffer from chronic inflammatory diseases, and the incidence has significantly increased in recent years. Inflammation is a multifactorial biological and immunological response to different injuries. Inflammation is initiated by several stimuli such as pathogens, chemical irritants, nutritional imbalance, and different cell injures. Inflammation is required in the body process of healing. But, chronic inflammation can cause severe and irreversible complications. Different chronic inflammatory diseases include hepatic, colitis, gastrointestinal, and neurodegenerative. Divers microbial (e.g., Helicobacter, Campylobacter, Clostridium, and Mycobacterium), parasitic (e.g., protozoa, helminthes, and flatworms), and viral (HPV, norovirus, and hepatitis B and C) are linked with chronic inflammatory responses. Additionally, nutrition imbalance and specific nutrients may influence immune response,modulating infections, and inflammatory responses