Intraoperative diagnosis of Anderson-Fabry disease in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy undergoing surgical myectomy

In this case series of 3 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, we found that Anderson-Fabry cardiomyopathy may mimic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and present with severely symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The diagnosis was suspected by the cardiac surgeon and confirmed by histological and genetic examinations. Screening for Anderson-Fabry cardiomyopathy should be performed even in the absence of red flags in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy older than 25 years.