The clinical effects of insertion torque for implants placed in healed ridges : A two-year randomized controlled clinical trial

Several factors are involved in the achievement of implant primary stability, such as the insertion torque, the implant’s macrogeometry, the surgical technique, and the bone quality and quantity. Implant primary stability is considered one of the key factors for osseointegration and is associated with insertion torque. Several studies have suggested that insertion torque values of 25–45 N cm could prevent micromovements that could impair the bone healing around the implants. The aim of the present randomized clinical trial was to evaluate and compare the clinical outcome for implants placed with a high insertion torque (50–100 N cm) and a regular insertion torque (within 50 N cm) in healed ridges after two years.