Curiosità, linguaggio e ansia. L'uomo del Leviatano tra differenza antropologica e forme di soggettività

In Leviathan, unlike what happened in the works of the 1940s, Hobbes successes to deduce the entire range of differences between humans and other animals from a single foundation: the pleasure of the mind. This operation is made possible by a redefinition of the pleasure of the mind which frees it from the immediate coincidence with glory, and which characterizes it as pleasure of power/expectation. Language, reason, absence of a summum bonum, unlimited desire for power, anxiety for the future, religion and solicitude for time to come are presented by Hobbes, in the first part of Leviathan, as invariant (universal and necessary) elements of the human nature. However, in the third and fourth parts of Leviathan, forms of subjectivity irreducible to this image of Man enter the scene: not only those which produce and feed the religious conflict (between sects as between the State and the Church) for something worth more than life, but also that - more peripheral, yet conceptually decisive - that gives life to the early Christian communities focused on mutual help and life in common. Thus, religion reveals itself capable of producing forms of subjectivity that dilate the possibilities of the human - in terms of emotional structure, conduct and social forms - beyond the rigid and invariant perimeter traced by the scientific naturalism of the first part.