Innate lymphoid cells type 2 in LTP-allergic patients and their modulation during sublingual immunotherapy

Our results report the first evidence of the presence of ILC2 in FA patients and their modulation by specific immunotherapy. Overall, we have identified and characterised peripheral ILC2 in LTP-AP, with frequencies closely related to clinical parameters (in vivo) together with Pru p 3-sIgE levels and Th2 cells. Furthermore, SLIT-Prup3 could change their type 2 response phenotype frequencies in peripheral blood towards a regulatory phenotype, associated with regulatory pattern of the adaptive T cells, suggesting their contribution to clinical and immunological tolerance. We are aware of the need of more studies, if the changes in the ILC2 frequency are maintained in the time; and on a larger population for AIT with Pru p 3 and specific cytokines to stimulate the ILC2 and analysing the IL10+ILC2 functionality in the immunomodulation. Even so, these findings offer new information on ILC2 participation in loss of tolerance in FA, postulating them as therapeutic targets and biomarkers to predict food-immunotherapy responses.