Additive Manufacturing in Construction: a review on technologies, processes, materials and their applications of 3D and 4D printing

Abstract In this paper, the current state of art of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in construction industry to manufacture on large scale is reviewed. The central concept of additive manufacturing was defined and it has been highlighted of the large use in several sectors. The main advantages that AM offers in construction industry were described and at the same time the most important challenges that need to be addressed for real use. The main AM technologies solutions on large-scale were described from more compact solutions like gantry technology to more flexible and free technology solutions. The choice of an AM solution rather than another is closely linked to the materials to be used and the building component to be built. Regarding materials, the research focused on materials based on aggregates, metals and polymers. The application of AM in construction field requires more studies and further research.