Inciviltà sul luogo di lavoro, violenza orizzontale, bullismo e mobbing tra pari nella professione infermieristica: teorie e modelli di interpretazione dei fenomeni.

Among the negative interactions between nurses there are the lateral dynamics, exerted between peers, within the working groups. Some authors have theorized the presence of a continuum of behaviors ranging workplace incivility up to the lateral violence, and horizontal bullying. Although these phenomena are widespread and important, currently, reactive and proactive solutions are scarce, and barely effective. The models and interpretations that explain these mechanisms of behavior within groups are interpersonal, intrapersonal, evolutionary and biological. These revolve around central elements such as gender differences, work pressure, role differences, stress, generational conflict, and the need to exert control through circuits of power. There are also fascinations arising from anthropological studies, although to date the oppressed group behavior theory was not yet fully developed nor validated in the field of nursing. Nonetheless, the varied interpretations of the mechanisms that generate this type of phenomena are not mutually exclusive, and contribute to a multifaceted view of the problem, which is (perhaps) the key element on which to set preventive and reactive interventions. The models and interpretations of these forms of workplace violence can be used to construct conceptual frameworks to be used during the design of appropriate research studies that test interventions to reduce the rise and presence of these problems and their consequences.