The liver is the major drug-metabolizing and drug-detoxifying organ. Many drugs can cause liver damage through various mechanisms; however, the liver response to injury includes a relatively narrow spectrum of alterations that, regardless of the cause, are represented by phlogosis, oxidative stress and necrosis. The combination of these alterations mainly results in three radiological findings: vascular alterations, structural changes and metabolic function reduction. Chemotherapy has changed in recent decades in terms of the drugs, protocols and duration, allowing patients a longer life expectancy. As a consequence, we are currently observing an increase in chemotherapy-associated liver injury patterns once considered unusual. Recognizing this form of damage in an early stage is crucial for reconsidering the therapy regimen and thus avoiding severe complications. In this frontier article, we analyze the role of imaging in detecting some of these pathological patterns, such as pseudocirrhosis, “yellow liver” due to chemotherapy-associated steatosis-steatohepatitis, and “blue liver”, including sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, veno-occlusive disease and peliosis.
Imaging of the chemotherapy-induced hepatic damage: Yellow liver, blue liver, and pseudocirrhosis / Calistri L.; Rastrelli V.; Nardi C.; Maraghelli D.; Vidali S.; Pietragalla M.; Colagrande S.. - In: WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY. - ISSN 1007-9327. - ELETTRONICO. - 27:(2021), pp. 7866-7893. [10.3748/wjg.v27.i46.7866]
Imaging of the chemotherapy-induced hepatic damage: Yellow liver, blue liver, and pseudocirrhosis
Calistri L.Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;Rastrelli V.Membro del Collaboration Group
;Nardi C.Membro del Collaboration Group
;Maraghelli D.Membro del Collaboration Group
;Vidali S.Membro del Collaboration Group
;Pietragalla M.Membro del Collaboration Group
;Colagrande S.
Conceptualization
2021
Abstract
The liver is the major drug-metabolizing and drug-detoxifying organ. Many drugs can cause liver damage through various mechanisms; however, the liver response to injury includes a relatively narrow spectrum of alterations that, regardless of the cause, are represented by phlogosis, oxidative stress and necrosis. The combination of these alterations mainly results in three radiological findings: vascular alterations, structural changes and metabolic function reduction. Chemotherapy has changed in recent decades in terms of the drugs, protocols and duration, allowing patients a longer life expectancy. As a consequence, we are currently observing an increase in chemotherapy-associated liver injury patterns once considered unusual. Recognizing this form of damage in an early stage is crucial for reconsidering the therapy regimen and thus avoiding severe complications. In this frontier article, we analyze the role of imaging in detecting some of these pathological patterns, such as pseudocirrhosis, “yellow liver” due to chemotherapy-associated steatosis-steatohepatitis, and “blue liver”, including sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, veno-occlusive disease and peliosis.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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