Fast Direction of Arrival Estimation based on Space and Frequency Multiple Division Access

We propose an indoor positioning system exploiting the concept of Space and Frequency Division Multiple Access. This technology permits a very cost-effective estimation of Direction of Arrival on the basis of closed form approach driven by the expected power distribution compared to the shape of the antenna beamset. The robustness of the approach is enhanced by the exploitation of RSSI data retrieved operating in the S-band and C-band of Wifi. The proposed approach estimate the direction of arrivial as the result of a cost-effective algorithm based on simple algebric manipulation.Experimental validations confirm that the proposed single-anchor approach is an effective DoA estimator in a real-life scenario, providing a mean error of the 3 degrees and a localization area coverage of about 90% below 5.8 degrees within a typical home room area size (38 m(2)). This confirms that the proposed system is a very low-cost solution, suitable for Wireless Sensor Networks and for 802.11n/ac IEEE compliant networks.