The CaloCube calorimeter for high-energy cosmic-ray measurements in space: Response of a large-scale prototype to protons

Adriani, O.; Agnesi, A.; Albergo, S.; Antonelli, M.; Auditore, L.; Basti, A.; Betti, P.; Berti, E.; Bigongiari, G.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Bonvicini, V.; Bottai, S.; Brogi, P.; Castellini, G.; Cattaneo, P. W.; Checchia, C.; Duranti, M.; D’Alessandro, R.; Detti, S.; Finetti, N.; Formato, V.; Italiano, A.; Maestro, P.; Marrocchesi, P. S.; Mori, N.; Orzan, G.; Olmi, M.; Pacini, L.; Papini, P.; Pellegriti, M. G.; Pirzio, F.; Pizzolotto, C.; Poggiali, C.; Rappoldi, A.; Ricciarini, S.; Sciuto, A.; Silvestre, G.; Spillantini, P.; Starodubtsev, O.; Stolzi, F.; Suh, J. E.; Sulaj, A.; Tiberio, A.; Tricomi, A.; Trifiro, A.; Trimarchi, M.; Vannuccini, E.; Zampa, G.; Zampa, N.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2024.169079

Direct observation of cosmic rays nuclei is currently limited to energies of the order of hundreds of TeV. In order to extend these observations to higher energies, detectors capable of operating in space with high geometric factor and energy resolution are needed. In particular, highly performing calorimeters based on the CaloCube design can allow to carry out cosmic ray measurements in the PeV energy region. The CaloCube R&D project foresees the installation in space of a homogeneous and isotropic calorimeter composed of cubic scintillator crystals arranged to form a cube of about tons weight, with a high acceptance and capable of detecting particles coming from any direction. A prototype, composed of 5 × 5 × 18 CsI(Tl) crystals, has been tested on high-energy particle beams at CERN SPS accelerator and the results relative to the calorimeter response to protons are reported in this document.

The CaloCube calorimeter for high-energy cosmic-ray measurements in space: Response of a large-scale prototype to protons / Adriani, O.; Agnesi, A.; Albergo, S.; Antonelli, M.; Auditore, L.; Basti, A.; Betti, P.; Berti, E.; Bigongiari, G.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Bonvicini, V.; Bottai, S.; Brogi, P.; Castellini, G.; Cattaneo, P.W.; Checchia, C.; Duranti, M.; D’Alessandro, R.; Detti, S.; Finetti, N.; Formato, V.; Italiano, A.; Maestro, P.; Marrocchesi, P.S.; Mori, N.; Orzan, G.; Olmi, M.; Pacini, L.; Papini, P.; Pellegriti, M.G.; Pirzio, F.; Pizzolotto, C.; Poggiali, C.; Rappoldi, A.; Ricciarini, S.; Sciuto, A.; Silvestre, G.; Spillantini, P.; Starodubtsev, O.; Stolzi, F.; Suh, J.E.; Sulaj, A.; Tiberio, A.; Tricomi, A.; Trifiro, A.; Trimarchi, M.; Vannuccini, E.; Zampa, G.; Zampa, N.. - In: NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH. SECTION A, ACCELERATORS, SPECTROMETERS, DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT. - ISSN 0168-9002. - ELETTRONICO. - 1061:(2024), pp. 169079.1-169079.9. [10.1016/j.nima.2024.169079]