Development of an Italian version of the Leicester cough questionnaire and its relationship with other symptom-specific measures for patients with chronic cough

Objective: To implement subjective methods for measuring the impact of chronic cough on patients' daily life, including an Italian version of the symptom-specific, health status measure for patients with chronic cough, i.e. the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). Methods: Sixty-five chronic cough patients attended a tertiary cough clinic on two separate occasions 8 weeks apart. The visual analogue scale for cough severity (VAS), the LCQ and the cough disturbance score (CDS) were administered on both occasions. The LCQ was adapted for Italian conditions following a forward-backward translation procedure. Concurrent validation, internal consistency, repeatability and responsiveness were determined. Results: The CDS, VAS and LCQ were correlated (r coefficients ranging from 0.69 to 0.94, p<0.01). The internal consistency for each LCQ domain was high (alpha coefficient range 0.87-0.93), as was the 8-week repeatability of the LCQ in the patients (n=36, 60%) who displayed no change in CDS and VAS (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.86, p<001) over the same period. Patients who reported an improvement in CDS and VAS after 8 weeks (n=29) also demonstrated significant improvements in each LCQ domain. The mean difference in LCQ total score before and after improvements was 2.26 (95% CI: 1.58-4.47). Conclusions: The Italian version of the LCQ appears to be just as valid as the other language versions of the questionnaire. In addition, the CDS appears to be a clinically useful, symptom-specific measure of the overall disturbance provoked by cough.