La Cittadella Appiani a Piombino: uno sguardo sul passato per valorizzare gli interventi futuri

The Cittadella Appiani in Piombino serves as an intriguing case study for the recovery of architectu- ral and artistic heritage of a significant Renaissance military structure in Tuscany. Extensive data collection has enabled a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics characterizing its buildings. Since 2018, several digital surveying campaigns have created a detailed database of metric and colorimetric information, depicting the fortification system, including towers and walls. The research presented aims not only to describe the historical aspects of the Cittadella but also to evaluate the state of conservation and the influence of interventions by Leonardo da Vinci on the fortifications. This enables the planning of projects that enhance the historical significance of the Cittadella. An in-depth analysis of the history of Piombino’s fortifications is provided, highlighting the results from surveys and diagnostic investigations to promote the structures and open new research avenues. Initial construction began in 1458 under acopo III Appiani, with expansions and significant contributions from Leonardo da Vinci in 1504. Over time, the structure has seen various modifications and restorations, particularly during the Spanish control in the late 16th century. Recent digital surveys and diagnostic studies have provided a clearer picture of the current state and historical evolution of the site, guiding future conservation and valorization efforts.