Esaminare i predittori della spinta alla muscolosità da una prospettiva intersezionale: attribuzioni dei pari e feedback da parte della famiglia sull’aspetto fisico in uomini e donne con orientamento eterosessuale e omosessuale

Although the role of sociocultural factors in influencing body image has been demonstrated in both heterosexual and homosexual men and women, further research is needed to understand the intersectional effects of sex and sexual orientation with regard to these factors. The present study aims to test the predictive role of peer attributions and family feedback on physical appearance on drive for muscularity in heterosexual and homosexual men and women. Participants were 695 adults, of whom 183 were gay men, 191 lesbian women, 149 heterosexual men and 172 heterosexual women. Based on our findings, both gay and straight men, compared to lesbian and straight women, exhibited higher engagement in muscularity-related behaviors, reflecting societal influences promoting physical strength and attractiveness. Peer attributions positively predicted attitudes towards muscularity in men, regardless of sexual orientation. Peer attribution on physical appearance was correlated with higher involvement in muscularity-related behaviors for gay and straight men, as well as lesbian women. Negative family feedback on physical appearance was associated with a more favorable attitude towards muscularity among individuals with homosexual orientations and heterosexual men. Men, especially those with homosexual orientations, showed higher drive for muscularity, with peer and family influences playing distinct roles across different groups. These results show that understanding the complex interactions between sexual orientation, biological sex, and sociocultural influences is crucial in addressing body image issues and the drive for muscularity from an intersectionality perspective. Tailored intervention strategies can be developed to mitigate challenges related to body image within diverse populations, considering the specific needs of each group.