Metodologie di documentazione digitale per la valutazione e il recupero di insediamenti urbani: i casi studio di Camporgiano, Fornovolasco e Villa Basilica (LU)

The increasing overcrowding of tourist attractions in major art cities highlights the need for sustainable alternatives. Italian small historic towns, known as borghi, offer significant potential due to their rich heritage. This research aims to develop a documentation methodology for three selected borghi, applicable to similar settlements in Italy and abroad. The documentation ensures digital preservation of the urban image and provides a foundation for further analysis. The study introduces a value scale for classifying buildings, assessing historical and architectural aspects, conservation status, usage, and urban location. Advanced digital survey and documentation methodologies, including 3D modelling and photogrammetry, gather comprehensive data. This multidisciplinary approach collects detailed information to facilitate conservation and enhancement planning. The research, centred on the province of Lucca, examines three borghi: Camporgiano, Fornovolasco and Villa Basilica. Combining theoretical and practical approaches, the study integrates historical and bibliographic research with digital survey operations. Archival materials, including photographs and historical maps, are essential for reconstructing the borghi's evolutionary phases. The data contribute to a heterogeneous, updatable database comprising textual, numerical information, value lists, 3D models, and graphical elaborations. This database supports ongoing data analyses to define a building evaluation system and overall borghi assessment, considering aspects like conservation state, function, usage condition, and urban location.