Visible Light Communications for Implantable Medical Devices

Implantable medical devices (IMDs) have revolutionized modern healthcare, offering real-time monitoring and therapeutic interventions. However, conventional radio-frequency (RF) technology limits IMD communication due to interference, power consumption, and bandwidth constraints. This paper introduces an innovative solution using optical wireless communication (OWC) for IMDs. OWC transmits data via visible or infrared light, surpassing RF limitations. Recent research explores Visible Light Communication (VLC) for in-body and out-body communication, as it penetrates human tissues effectively. We aim to demonstrate VLC’s feasibility and benefits for subcutaneous IMDs in temperature and glycemia measurements using MATLAB simulations. Our contributions encompass: a) a unique VLC approach for Near-Field Communication (NFC); b) an innovative characterization of the in-to-out body communication channel, considering scattering effects; and c) a comparison between single LED and multiple LEDs (MIMO) approaches for IMDs. This paper underscores VLC’s transformative potential for IMDs, promising more efficient and reliable IMD-to-external system communication, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and advancing healthcare.