Green system effects on energy environmental sustainability of urban built-up areas

This work presents a methodological approach for the assessment of the combined effects of the air enthalpy variations due to green system presence and building thermodynamics. It serves as a valuable tool for energy sustainability improvement of urban areas, and for defining scenarios of integrated energy strategies with low envi-ronmental impact in the perspective of green energy transition and environmental sus-tainability. The fundamentals of the proposed approach are two energy-environmental methods, i.e., top-down and bottom-up. Using environmental thermodynamics, they allow the evaluation of the energy sustainability of green ecosystem services in an urban area and their areal distribution in different built-up zones. The proposed methodological approach is an effective operational tool for urban energy and environmental sustainability evaluation, focused on the reduction of anthropogenic impacts, the mitigation of urban heat islands, and climate change adaptation, but also energy-efficient microclimate changes.