Enzymatic inhibition-based electrochemical biosystems: general aspects and applications for the monitoring of aquatic ecosystems

The use of biosensor-based analytical methods, and specifically of the techniques based on ‘inhibition’ enzymatic amperometric electrodes, is gaining growing interest in the field of toxicity tests in environmental and food matrices. This contribution proposes the use of inhibition-based enzymatic bioelectrodes for the rapid determination of pesticides, herbicides and toxins in aquatic ecosystems. These new methods should integrate with the commonly applied traditional techniques.