The integration of key transformative R&I principles in European policies. A multiple case study analysis

This paper analyses how European R&I policy contributes to the sustainability agenda. It assesses how the principles guiding transformative R&I policy as developed in the 2020 edition of the Science Research and Innovation Performance of the EU - i.e., transformation, directionality, co-creation, diffusion, and uptake - are reflected, embedded and made operational in a selection of EU policy interventions. It demonstrates that innovation processes are at core of a transformative change towards sustainable development across different EU policy domains and that the transformative R&I principles potentially reinforce each other in the context of EU policy.