Finite element modelling and validation of frangible lower-limb bones for a MATD motorcyclist dummy

At present there are no validated numerical models of the frangible bones used in the Motorcyclist Anthropometric Test Device (MATD). This shortcoming limits the research on leg protectors. The purpose of the work was to build and validate FE models of femur and tibia frangible bones of the MATD, as defined in ISO13232. The bones were modelled using data from the ISO13232 and from observation of the components used in a full scale crash test conducted at IDIADA within the framework of the PIONEERS project. Their final design was identified with a design of experiments approach and validated against the requirements of ISO standard with the prescribed quasi-static and dynamic mechanical tests. The models were further assessed with a numerical–experimental comparison using the data of the full-scale crash test. The validated models enable the replacement of Hybrid III dummy bones and provide a reliable tool for improving the evaluation of lower-limb injuries in motorcycle crashes.