Coastal Risk Mitigation in a Nature-Based Solution Framework: New Tuscan Integrated Approach in Horizon R4C

The manuscript describes the design of an artificial restored dune belt on a coastal protected area implemented by means of hybrid modeling approach given by numerical modelling, field monitoring and experimental modelling. Nearshore waves were estimated by means of a suitable, calibrated numerical wave model on unstructured mesh, while an experimental modelling was used to simulate wave phenomena in shallow water to consider breaking, surf and swash zone phenomena, wave-dune interaction, and over washing processes. A calculation model based on the limit equilibrium approach was employed for artificial dune design. Finally, a real-time weather station was installed on-site to assure the overall stability conditions of the dune.