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The UNESCO recognition of World Heritage Sites, grounded in the protection of universal and shared values, raises the question of whether such status is capable of producing transversal and lasting effects on the territorial contexts concerned. The touristic dimension of the "World Heritage brand" tends to promote a selective use of heritage, in contrast with its definition as a collective good. In this perspective, the relationship between Management Plans (MPs) and spatial and urban planning instruments represents an area of growing attention on the part of the World Heritage Committee. The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage of 1972 (the Convention) pursues the objective of ensuring the conservation of Outstanding Universal Value (OUV), while urban planning regulates the governance of territory in relation to settlement and economic dynamics. The paper analyses the international guidelines and recommendations aimed at promoting the safeguarding of cultural heritage and the integration between Management Plans and urban planning instruments (Part I), focusing on the Tuscan context (Part II) and, finally, examining in detail the first institutional transpositions of the principles established at national and international level — namely a comparison of the Tuscan historic centres inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, with a specific focus on the case of the Municipality of Florence (Part III).