Adaptive Hydrodynamic Cavitation in a Reconfigurable Circular Venturi: Design Framework and Numerical Demonstration of a Parametric Cavitation-Inception Workflow

Hydrodynamic cavitation is increasingly investigated as a process-intensification technology for liquid processing and complex or waste-derived streams. Conventional Venturi cavitators rely on fixed geometries selected for nominal operating conditions, whereas practical processes may involve variable fluid properties, flow rates, pressure conditions, and treatment objectives. This mismatch can produce unstable cavitation regimes, excessive or insufficient treatment severity, and inefficient use of pressure energy. This article introduces the Dynamic Circular Venturi Adaptive (DCVA), a reconfigurable circular Venturi framework in which the internal profile is treated as an operating variable rather than only as a fixed design feature. Unlike the previously proposed Dynamic Venturi Reuleaux Actuated (DVRA) concept, which uses a non-circular Reuleaux-section Venturi with boundary-imposed swirl, the DCVA retains an axisymmetric circular geometry and relies on controlled profile reconfiguration without swirl forcing. The framework defines equivalent geometric parameters, an admissible design space, plant-measurable operating indicators, and representative architectures for single-parameter and multiparametric reconfiguration. A numerical demonstration of the parametric design workflow is provided using an automated axisymmetric finite-element computational fluid dynamics (CFD) procedure that links CAD generation, meshing, flow simulation, post-processing, and iterative geometry updating to identify the throat configuration associated with cavitation inception. The results support CFD-assisted configuration selection, commissioning-map development, and future supervisory control, while prototype realization and experimental benchmarking remain necessary for full device-level validation.