Toward Real-World Quantum Networks: Interoperability, Coexistence, and High-Rate QKD

Quantum networks have been a reality for several years, with quantum key distribution as their primary application. However, several factors still limit their widespread adoption as a user-ready technology. In this work, we present four real-world experiments that demonstrate concrete progress toward the deployment of quantum networks. These field trials showcase the ability to interconnect different countries, interface diverse infrastructures, and exploit quantum properties and innovative technologies to boost key rates and enable coexistence with classical communication channels. Together, they highlight a viable path toward scalable, interoperable, and high-performance quantum-secured communication.