Taphonomic analysis of Tapirus arvernensis remains from the Lower Valdarno (Tuscany, Central Italy).

The present investigation describes the taphonomic evidence that can be observed on the remains of two Tapirus arvernensis individuals, a prime-aged adult and a juvenile, recovered at Casenuove (Empoli), in the Lower Valdarno marine Pliocene sediments. The spatial arrangement of the bones on the fossiliferous surface suggests the action of one or two currents, and seems to agree with the tentative reconstruction of the shoreline at the Early-Mid-Pliocene transition. Reference to the biology and ethology of presently living Asian tapirs leads to interpret the two individuals as a female, presumably at its first breeding experience, and its cub.