The impact of intra-video collusion on ST-DM watermarking is considered by analyzing the robustness of a constant watermark with respect to Temporal Frame Averaging (TFA). We theoretically show that, as opposed to spread spectrum watermarking, in the ST-DM case it is not sufficient that the same watermark message is inserted within each video frame to ensure resistance against TFA. However robustness can still be achieved by increasing the spreading factor r. Moreover the higher the correlation between video frames the better the performance of ST-DM. We also evaluate the impact of the dithering factor d upon watermark robustness. As a last contribution, we evaluate the impact of TFA on the quality of the attacked video, demonstrating that, unless motion compensated averaging is used, only a few frames can be averaged without introducing annoying artifacts.

Effectiveness of ST-DM watermarking against intra-video collusion / R. Caldelli; A. Piva; M. Barni; A. Carboni. - STAMPA. - 3710:(2005), pp. 158-170. (Intervento presentato al convegno 4th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking IWDW 2005 tenutosi a Siena, Italy nel September 15-17) [10.1007/11551492_13].

Effectiveness of ST-DM watermarking against intra-video collusion

CALDELLI, ROBERTO;PIVA, ALESSANDRO;
2005

Abstract

The impact of intra-video collusion on ST-DM watermarking is considered by analyzing the robustness of a constant watermark with respect to Temporal Frame Averaging (TFA). We theoretically show that, as opposed to spread spectrum watermarking, in the ST-DM case it is not sufficient that the same watermark message is inserted within each video frame to ensure resistance against TFA. However robustness can still be achieved by increasing the spreading factor r. Moreover the higher the correlation between video frames the better the performance of ST-DM. We also evaluate the impact of the dithering factor d upon watermark robustness. As a last contribution, we evaluate the impact of TFA on the quality of the attacked video, demonstrating that, unless motion compensated averaging is used, only a few frames can be averaged without introducing annoying artifacts.
2005
Lecture Notes in Computer Science LNCS Volume 3710
4th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking IWDW 2005
Siena, Italy
September 15-17
R. Caldelli; A. Piva; M. Barni; A. Carboni
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.

I documenti in FLORE sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificatore per citare o creare un link a questa risorsa: https://hdl.handle.net/2158/241379
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 7
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact