Schemi di sistemazioni applicabili nei nuovi impianti viticoli del Chianti

The very relevant erosion processes affecting the hills of Chianti require the adoption of specific land setting techniques in order to renew the old vineyards. These techniques will be planned in order to reduce soil losses and runoff, to allow an economical and easy agronomical management and to assure the compatibility with landscape characteristics. In such a perspective, in the frame of a project supported by ARSIA concerning the new land setting for vineyard, new installations criteria have been developed and two different types of soil conservation measures have been realised in two areas charcterized by different pedo-climatic conditions (azienda agraria Montepaldi, San Casciano V.P. Firenze and Cantine leonardo, Vinci). In both cases the aim of reducing soil losses has been obtained giving a light slope to the vineyard rows in respect to contour lines. This solution allows to facilitate the removal of surface water at a non erosive speed. In Montepaldi farm, due to the high gradient of the slope, bench terraces have been realised originating terraces with different width. To assure the removal of deep soil water a tile drainage has been realised at two different depth. That deeper (4.5 - 6 m) in order to assure the stability of the slope and the other (1.30 m) to create the right ratio between air and water in the soil explored by grapevine roots. Vineyard slopes have been provided with a specific instrumentation for the measurement of runoff and soil loss.