Measurement Error of the Standard Unidirectional Impulse Waveforms Due to the Limited Bandwidth of the Measuring System

Analytical formulas are here derived capable of predicting the measurement error of the parameters of the standard unidirectional impulse waveforms due to the distortion induced by the limited bandwidth of the measuring system. The parameters subject to analysis are the rise time and the peak value. The standard waveforms considered are those defined in the IEC 61000-4-2 (electrostatic discharge), -4-4 (electrical fast transient/burst) and -4-5 (surge 1,2/50 μs and 8/20 μs) standards. The results obtained are of importance for the evaluation of the calibration uncertainty of the standard unidirectional impulse generators and associated coupling/decoupling networks as well as for the design of the corresponding measuring systems. Analytical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations.