Dietary profile of patients with Stargardt's disease and Retinitis Pigmentosa: is there a role for a nutritional approach?

Background: Stargardt’s disease (STGD) and Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) are inherited retinal degenerations that may be affected, in opposite way, by diet. Methods: Dietary profile was assessed in 24 patients with STGD and in 56 patients with RP. We documented in only 6 out of 24 (25 %) STGD patients a daily intake of vitamin A within the recommended range while 14/24 (58.3 %) reported a high daily intake and 4/24 (16.7 %) showed a low daily intake. With regard to RP, 4/56 (7.1 %) reported to be within the recommended range, 37/56 (66.1 %) reported high daily intake and 15/56 (26.8 %) showed low daily intake of vitamin A. Results: Interestingly, STGD patients with low vitamin A intake (<600 μg RAE/day) showed significantly better visual acuity with respect to those introducing higher intake of vitamin A. Conclusion: The present study suggests insuitable nutrient intakes among patients with STGD and RP, especially for daily intake of vitamin A. The results may be used to provide tailored nutritional interventions in these patients.