Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex and still unclear rare disease. Microbiota has recently emerged as an important environmental factor in SSc pathogenesis, either at gut, oral and skin level. Objectives To investigate the role of microbiota in SSc subsets, focusing on the skin-oral-gut microbiota axis and serum and fecal free fatty acids (FFA) profile. Methods Twenty-six consecutive SSc patients (22 females) (mean disease duration (SD): 13 ± 6.91 yrs), classified according to the ACR/EULAR2013 criteria, were enrolled. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated with UCLA GIT-2.0-questionnaire. Fecal, unstimulated saliva and superficial epidermal samples were collected. Microbiota was assessed through 16S ribosomal RNA Next Generation gene-sequencing analysis. Gas Cromatography-Mass Spettroscopy was used to measure FFAs in serum and fecal samples. Results Thirteen patients had limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), 13 diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc). The two subsets displayed a different cutaneous and fecal microbiota profile. In detail, the class of cutaneous Sphingobacteria was significantly higher in lcSSc (p<0.05), while the phylum of Lentisphaerae, the family of Victivallaceae and the genus of Victivallis were significantly higher in fecal samples of lcSSc (all p<0.05). A significant increase of fecal propionic acid was observed in lcSSc patients (p<0.05). Moreover, all fecal medium-chain FAs and hexanoic acids were significantly higher in lcSSc (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). The analysis of serum FFAs levels showed an increase of valeric and octanoic acids in lcSSc (both p<0.05). A negative correlation between UCLA-GIT-2.0 total score and fecal octanoic acid (rho=-0.61; p=0.03), and a positive correlation with serum propionic acid (rho=0.55; p=0.05) was found in lcSSc. Conclusion Our findings show a different microbiota signature in the skin and gut, and a different FFAs profile in lcSSc and dcSSc. Such a differential regulation of microbiota composition and bacterial metabolite production suggests different dynamics of skin-oral-gut microbiota axis in SSc subsets. This data could be useful to develop personalized therapies targeting gastrointestinal and skin involvement.
THE CROSSTALK OF THE SKIN-ORAL-GUT MICROBIOME AXIS IN LIMITED AND DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS / Russo, E.; Carboni, D.; Baldi, S.; Fioretto, B.; Romano, E.; El Aoufy, K.; Ramazzotti, M.; Rosa, I.; Lepri, G.; DI Gloria, L.; Bruni, C.; Melchiorre, D.; Guiducci, S.; Manetti, M.; Matucci-Cerinic, M.; Amedei, A.; Bellando Randone, S.. - In: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - ISSN 0003-4967. - STAMPA. - 81:(2022), pp. 498.2-498. [10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4630]
THE CROSSTALK OF THE SKIN-ORAL-GUT MICROBIOME AXIS IN LIMITED AND DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
Russo, E.;Carboni, D.;Fioretto, B.;Romano, E.;El Aoufy, K.;Ramazzotti, M.;Rosa, I.;DI Gloria, L.;Melchiorre, D.;Guiducci, S.;Manetti, M.;Matucci-Cerinic, M.;Amedei, A.;Bellando Randone, S.
2022
Abstract
Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex and still unclear rare disease. Microbiota has recently emerged as an important environmental factor in SSc pathogenesis, either at gut, oral and skin level. Objectives To investigate the role of microbiota in SSc subsets, focusing on the skin-oral-gut microbiota axis and serum and fecal free fatty acids (FFA) profile. Methods Twenty-six consecutive SSc patients (22 females) (mean disease duration (SD): 13 ± 6.91 yrs), classified according to the ACR/EULAR2013 criteria, were enrolled. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated with UCLA GIT-2.0-questionnaire. Fecal, unstimulated saliva and superficial epidermal samples were collected. Microbiota was assessed through 16S ribosomal RNA Next Generation gene-sequencing analysis. Gas Cromatography-Mass Spettroscopy was used to measure FFAs in serum and fecal samples. Results Thirteen patients had limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), 13 diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc). The two subsets displayed a different cutaneous and fecal microbiota profile. In detail, the class of cutaneous Sphingobacteria was significantly higher in lcSSc (p<0.05), while the phylum of Lentisphaerae, the family of Victivallaceae and the genus of Victivallis were significantly higher in fecal samples of lcSSc (all p<0.05). A significant increase of fecal propionic acid was observed in lcSSc patients (p<0.05). Moreover, all fecal medium-chain FAs and hexanoic acids were significantly higher in lcSSc (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). The analysis of serum FFAs levels showed an increase of valeric and octanoic acids in lcSSc (both p<0.05). A negative correlation between UCLA-GIT-2.0 total score and fecal octanoic acid (rho=-0.61; p=0.03), and a positive correlation with serum propionic acid (rho=0.55; p=0.05) was found in lcSSc. Conclusion Our findings show a different microbiota signature in the skin and gut, and a different FFAs profile in lcSSc and dcSSc. Such a differential regulation of microbiota composition and bacterial metabolite production suggests different dynamics of skin-oral-gut microbiota axis in SSc subsets. This data could be useful to develop personalized therapies targeting gastrointestinal and skin involvement.
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