Photodiode Read-Out System for the Calorimeter of the Herd Experiment

Betti, P.; Adriani, O.; Antonelli, M.; Bai, Y.; Bai, X.; Bao, T.; Berti, E.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Bonvicini, V.; Bottai, S.; Cao, W.; Casaus, J.; Chen, Z.; Cui, X.; D'Alessandro, R.; Detti, S.; Dong, Y.; Finetti, N.; Formato, V.; Frutos, M. A. V.; Gao, J.; Liang, X.; Li, R.; Liu, X.; Lyu, L.; Martinez, G.; Mori, N.; Munoz, J. M.; Pacini, L.; Papini, P.; Pizzolotto, C.; Quan, Z.; Qin, J.; Shi, D.; Starodubtsev, O.; Tang, Z.; Tiberio, A.; Vagelli, V.; Vannuccini, E.; Wang, B.; Wang, J.; Wang, L.; Wang, R.; Zampa, G.; Zampa, N.; Wang, Z.; Xu, M.; Zhang, L.; Zheng, J.

doi:10.3390/instruments6030033

HERD is a future experiment for the direct detection of high energy cosmic rays. The instrument is based on a calorimeter optimized not only for a good energy resolution but also for a large acceptance. Each crystal composing the calorimeter is equipped with two read-out systems: one based on wavelength-shifting fibers and the other based on two photodiodes with different active areas assembled in a monolithic package. In this paper, we describe the photodiode read-out system, focusing on experimental requirements, design and estimated performances. Finally, we show how these features lead to the flight model project of the photodiode read-out system.

Photodiode Read-Out System for the Calorimeter of the Herd Experiment / Betti P.; Adriani O.; Antonelli M.; Bai Y.; Bai X.; Bao T.; Berti E.; Bonechi L.; Bongi M.; Bonvicini V.; Bottai S.; Cao W.; Casaus J.; Chen Z.; Cui X.; D'Alessandro R.; Detti S.; Dong Y.; Finetti N.; Formato V.; Frutos M.A.V.; Gao J.; Liang X.; Li R.; Liu X.; Lyu L.; Martinez G.; Mori N.; Munoz J.M.; Pacini L.; Papini P.; Pizzolotto C.; Quan Z.; Qin J.; Shi D.; Starodubtsev O.; Tang Z.; Tiberio A.; Vagelli V.; Vannuccini E.; Wang B.; Wang J.; Wang L.; Wang R.; Zampa G.; Zampa N.; Wang Z.; Xu M.; Zhang L.; Zheng J.. - In: INSTRUMENTS. - ISSN 2410-390X. - ELETTRONICO. - 6:(2022), pp. 33.1-33.7. [10.3390/instruments6030033]