We present the [C II] 158 μm line luminosity functions (LFs) at z ∼ 4-6 using the ALMA observations of 118 sources, which are selected to have UV luminosity M 1500Å <-20.2 and optical spectroscopic redshifts in COSMOS and ECDF-S. Of the 118 targets, 75 have significant [C II] detections and 43 are upper limits. This is by far the largest sample of [C II] detections, which allows us to set constraints on the volume density of [C II] emitters at z ∼ 4-6. But because this is a UV-selected sample, we are missing [C II]-bright but UV-faint sources, making our constraints strict lower limits. Our derived LFs are statistically consistent with the z ∼ 0 [C II] LF at 108.25-109.75 L o˙. We compare our results with the upper limits of the [C II] LF derived from serendipitous sources in the ALPINE maps. We also infer the [C II] LFs based on published far-IR and CO LFs at z ∼ 4-6. Combining our robust lower limits with these additional estimates, we set further constraints on the true number density of [C II] emitters at z ∼ 4-6. These additional LF estimates are largely above our LF at L [CII] > 109 L o˙, suggesting that UV-faint but [C II]-bright sources likely make significant contributions to the [C II] emitter volume density. When we include all the LF estimates, we find that available model predictions underestimate the number densities of [C II] emitters at z ∼ 4-6. Finally, we set a constraint on the molecular gas mass density at z ∼ 4-6, with ρ mol ∼ (2-7) × 107 M o˙ Mpc-3. This is broadly consistent with previous studies.
The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] Survey: [C II] 158 μm Emission Line Luminosity Functions at z ∼ 4-6 / Yan L.; Sajina A.; Loiacono F.; Lagache G.; Bethermin M.; Faisst A.; Ginolfi M.; Fevre O.L.; Gruppioni C.; Capak P.L.; Cassata P.; Schaerer D.; Silverman J.D.; Bardelli S.; Dessauges-Zavadsky M.; Cimatti A.; Hathi N.P.; Lemaux B.C.; Ibar E.; Jones G.C.; Koekemoer A.M.; Oesch P.A.; Talia M.; Pozzi F.; Riechers D.A.; Tasca L.A.M.; Toft S.; Vallini L.; Vergani D.; Zamorani G.; Zucca E.. - In: THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL. - ISSN 0004-637X. - ELETTRONICO. - 905:(2020), pp. 147.0-147.0. [10.3847/1538-4357/abc41c]
The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] Survey: [C II] 158 μm Emission Line Luminosity Functions at z ∼ 4-6
Ginolfi M.;
2020
Abstract
We present the [C II] 158 μm line luminosity functions (LFs) at z ∼ 4-6 using the ALMA observations of 118 sources, which are selected to have UV luminosity M 1500Å <-20.2 and optical spectroscopic redshifts in COSMOS and ECDF-S. Of the 118 targets, 75 have significant [C II] detections and 43 are upper limits. This is by far the largest sample of [C II] detections, which allows us to set constraints on the volume density of [C II] emitters at z ∼ 4-6. But because this is a UV-selected sample, we are missing [C II]-bright but UV-faint sources, making our constraints strict lower limits. Our derived LFs are statistically consistent with the z ∼ 0 [C II] LF at 108.25-109.75 L o˙. We compare our results with the upper limits of the [C II] LF derived from serendipitous sources in the ALPINE maps. We also infer the [C II] LFs based on published far-IR and CO LFs at z ∼ 4-6. Combining our robust lower limits with these additional estimates, we set further constraints on the true number density of [C II] emitters at z ∼ 4-6. These additional LF estimates are largely above our LF at L [CII] > 109 L o˙, suggesting that UV-faint but [C II]-bright sources likely make significant contributions to the [C II] emitter volume density. When we include all the LF estimates, we find that available model predictions underestimate the number densities of [C II] emitters at z ∼ 4-6. Finally, we set a constraint on the molecular gas mass density at z ∼ 4-6, with ρ mol ∼ (2-7) × 107 M o˙ Mpc-3. This is broadly consistent with previous studies.
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