A data-driven methodology for the periodic review of spare parts supply chain configurations

Configuring supply chains (SCs) is critical to spare parts retailers’ success, entailing two key aspects: stock deployment into distribution centres (DCs) (i.e., inventory centralisation or decentralisation) and stock supply in each DC (how many spare parts to supply and how often). Given the unpredictability of spare parts demand, stock deployment and supply policies should be regularly reviewed, adapting to fluctuations in customer needs. A viable way to do this is to adopt a multi-criteria ABC criticality classification. However, the multi-criteria ABC criticality classification has often been used to plan stock supply policies in a single DC, but only once to plan spare parts deployment. Nevertheless, the available literature methodology presents major limitations, being not applicable in real companies. Therefore, this paper provides a novel methodology, called SP-LACE, which first reviews the configuration of spare parts SCs based on a multi-criteria criticality classification. Then, allows, for the first time, to evaluate the economic benefits of the reviewed SC configuration. SP-LACE was tested on two case studies and compared with the literature methodology. The results indicate that it provides economic benefits (in terms of total SC cost), overcoming the limitations of the literature methodology and ensuring high service levels.