STEM teaching and learning with innovative technologies in the upper secondary school: A scoping review.

The integration of digital technologies in the school context has now become a necessary and fundamental process in daily teaching practices. In particular, innovative technologies such as the so-called X-Reality are particularly effective to promote student learning, to encourage the acquisition of skills and interest in scientific disciplines. Based on these premises, the purpose of this literature search is to outline the state of the art of the use of X-Realities in STEM education in the context of secondary school, to understand the benefits, the critical aspects and the challenges to be faced in this field. To respond to the Research Questions, a scoping review was conducted on the Scopus and ERIC databases according to the PRISMA method. Following the selection process, 10 articles were included in the analysis. The results of this literature search therefore highlight how the use of AR and VR in STEM teaching offers many opportunities for learning concepts and acquiring scientific skills. At the same time, however, an accurate balancing of these positive effects with the related risks is also required, in order to allow a critical and conscious use of these innovative technologies.