Characterization and monitoring of a riverbank failure in a UNESCO World Heritage Site: the 2016 Florence (Italy) case study

The impact of geo-hydrological hazards on cultural heritages represents a multi-disciplinary theme, which requires several different approaches. To identify the condition of damage of the involved structures, to define the causes of the failure, and to mitigate and preserve the cultural heritage site, a detailed analysis of this event was performed based on the integration of boreholes and geotechnical laboratory tests, remotesensing techniques (i.e., terrestrial laser scanning), geophysical surveys (electrical resistivity topographies, downhole, and single-station seismic noise measurement), and stability analyses.