Yin and Yang of Gut Microbiota in Cocaine Abuse

This review provides an overview of the literature connecting the gut microbiome (GM) and cocaine. While substances of abuse such as nicotine, amphetamine, and cannabinoids have been shown to cause significant GM dysbiosis, research on the gut-brain axis in the context of cocaine addiction remains limited, despite cocaine being one of the most widely used recreational drugs worldwide. Most of the existing studies have relied on animal models.