Multi-objective optimization of the deck structure of the lightweight micro-vehicle for improved reliability and desired comfort and stability while driving

Electric kick scooters represent a viable alternative to reduce emissions associated with the use of cars. However, several obstacles hinder the widespread adoption of e-scooters, primarily stemming from their high mass, short range, and challenges in navigating uphill routes. The LEONARDO project aims to develop an innovative, 10 kg microvehicle with high torque, similar to a monowheel, while maintaining the ease of riding. To achieve this goal, heavy and complex suspension components were eschewed. In order to maintain ride comfort and stability, it was necessary to design a scooter deck with a specific susceptibility, but one that provided a high level of vehicle reliability. The article presents a novel approach to the design of a microvehicle deck. The methodology and the results of measuring operational loads are presented, which were used to develop a design that meets the assumed level of reliability, comfort and stability. The study employs a comparative analysis of two distinct optimization algorithms, each accounting for varying load scenarios and multiple objectives.