(BiOs) Benessere ambientale in ambito ospedaliero. Strumenti e metodi per il controllo della qualità acustica delle degenze

ENVIRONMENTAL WELL-BEING IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS. TOOLS AND METHODS FOR THE CONTROL OF ACOUSTIC QUALITY IN INPATIENT WARDS. This research addresses the issue of acoustic well-being in healthcare environments, with a specific focus on inpatient wards. It proposes tools and methods for assessing and managing the sound quality of healing spaces. The study originates from the need to contribute to the definition of a replicable measurement protocol and to the development of operational strategies for noise mitigation, recognizing that acoustic comfort is a key factor in the quality of healthcare systems and in the well-being of both patients and staff. In the first phase, the research included an extensive literature review, covering both scientific studies and national and international regulations and standards. Subsequently, through a mixed-method approach that combined quantitative and qualitative investigations, the fieldwork comprised three main activities: systematic observation of sound sources and ward routines; instrumental acoustic measurements for the objective characterization of the sound environment; and in-depth interviews with healthcare staff to explore subjective experiences, needs, and perceptions related to noise issues. The investigations were carried out in four selected case studies. This enabled the validation of a replicable measurement protocol and the collection of a comprehensive set of quantitative and qualitative data. The analysis of results revealed the complexity of the hospital sound environment, highlighting the coexistence of multiple types of sound sources and the need for a multidimensional approach to noise management. The research also produced a repertoire of intervention strategies and the BiOs Checklist for ward noise control, which integrates technical and organizational measures. These include spatial and material design interventions, control of sound emissions and alarms, staff training and awareness initiatives, and the promotion of acoustic accessibility in public spaces. The study therefore offers a methodological framework to guide the design and management of inpatient wards toward more comfortable, inclusive, and sustainable hospital models.