Conflicting Objectives in Non-Conventional Water Valorization in the Mediterranean

In recent years, non-conventional water (NCW) has been providing a promising alternative against increasing water scarcity in the Mediterranean. However, little work is available regarding the socioeconomic effects of its use. The purpose of this study is to present the effects of different levels of availability of irrigation water on four different Mediterranean areas relevant to the valorization of NCW. The analysis is based on technical and economic data from four Mediterranean Living Labs (LLs): one in Italy, one in Spain, one in Egypt and one transboundary between Tunisia and Algeria. The methodological approach is based on different versions of mathematical programming (linear programming, parametric programming, multi-objective programming). The results of the analysis showed that future scenarios of water deficiencies will have serious implications on the cropping pattern and will severely affect certain farm types, equally affecting employment, incomes and input use.