Polyphenols are important constituent of a variety of foods, possibly endowed with health-promoting properties; their actions on cell oxidation damage has received a considerable attention whereas their effects on gene regulation are still poorly characterized. We performed a systematic study on the effects of foods and beverages containing polyphenols on oxidation damage and gene regulation. Wistar rats were treated with rat chow pellets or with AIN76 diet, modified to mimic some western-stile human diets (high levels of fat). As a source of low and high dietary polyphenols we used varieties of apples with different polyphenol content and varieties of de-alcolized wine (DAW, white and red) low and high in proanthocyanidines. We also used mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana containing different levels of proanthocyanidines, flavonol and tannins. The different foods containing polyphenols were incorporated in the rat diet at a concentration of 7% d.w. for lyophilised apples, 0.9 ml/g d.w. of diet for DAW and 15% d.w. for Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. Animals were fed with these diets for 30 d and organ samples (brain, colon mucosa, liver and blood) were obtained after sacrifice for the determination of oxidation damage using the comet assay. No major changes in DNA oxidative damage were found in any of the organs studied, except in animals treated with flavonol-enriched Arabidopsis seeds, which showed some protection against oxidation damage. Gene expression profiles were studied using liver and colon mucosa samples using rat oligonucleotide arrays, constructed in house with the Rat Genome Oligo Set Version 1.1™ (Operon Technologies, CA, USA) composed of 5,677 oligonucleotides (70mers), each representing one gene. We compared the gene expression profile of treated rats versus reference pools obtained by combined RNA extracted from control groups fed the same diets devoid of polyphenols. In the colon mucosa white DAW modified the expression of 186 genes relative to the controls (38 down-regulated and 148 up-regulated), whereas red DAW modulated 477 genes (247 down-regulated and 202 up-regulated). GenMAPP and MAPPFinder analysis revealed that red and white DAW had similar effects on genes regulating cell growth, transport, regulation of transcription and metabolism; red wine had additional effects on genes regulating biological processes such as apoptosis, inflammatory and defense responses, blood coagulation and xenobiotic metabolism. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants rich in flavonols had effects on gene regulation mainly at the level of the liver, where they up-regulated several pathways, among which the MAPkinase genes (pro-apoptotic pathway), G protein and insulin signaling. On the contrary mutants containing flavonols and anthocyanines showed effects mostly in the colon mucosa, they were similar to those previously described by us upon treatment with red wine, in particular the down-regulation of interleukines and TNF, metalloproteinases and genes associated to the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Although the effects on oxidation damages were disappointing in these experiments, most treatments with polyphenol-rich foods seemed to have effects on gene regulation showing that some of the absorbed polyphenols have regulatory effects on gene function, which are probably related to their physiological effects.

EFFECTS OF FOODS WITH DIFFERENT POLYPHENOLIC CONTENT ON THE REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION AT GASTROINTESTINAL LEVEL IN RODENTS / C. Luceri; L. Giovannelli; V. Pitozzi; P. Dolara. - STAMPA. - (2006), pp. 27-27. (Intervento presentato al convegno Cost 926/927 Conference "Molecular and physiological effects of bioactive food compounds tenutosi a Vienna, Austria nel 11-14 Ottobre).

EFFECTS OF FOODS WITH DIFFERENT POLYPHENOLIC CONTENT ON THE REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION AT GASTROINTESTINAL LEVEL IN RODENTS

LUCERI, CRISTINA;GIOVANNELLI, LISA;PITOZZI, VANESSA;DOLARA, PIERO
2006

Abstract

Polyphenols are important constituent of a variety of foods, possibly endowed with health-promoting properties; their actions on cell oxidation damage has received a considerable attention whereas their effects on gene regulation are still poorly characterized. We performed a systematic study on the effects of foods and beverages containing polyphenols on oxidation damage and gene regulation. Wistar rats were treated with rat chow pellets or with AIN76 diet, modified to mimic some western-stile human diets (high levels of fat). As a source of low and high dietary polyphenols we used varieties of apples with different polyphenol content and varieties of de-alcolized wine (DAW, white and red) low and high in proanthocyanidines. We also used mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana containing different levels of proanthocyanidines, flavonol and tannins. The different foods containing polyphenols were incorporated in the rat diet at a concentration of 7% d.w. for lyophilised apples, 0.9 ml/g d.w. of diet for DAW and 15% d.w. for Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. Animals were fed with these diets for 30 d and organ samples (brain, colon mucosa, liver and blood) were obtained after sacrifice for the determination of oxidation damage using the comet assay. No major changes in DNA oxidative damage were found in any of the organs studied, except in animals treated with flavonol-enriched Arabidopsis seeds, which showed some protection against oxidation damage. Gene expression profiles were studied using liver and colon mucosa samples using rat oligonucleotide arrays, constructed in house with the Rat Genome Oligo Set Version 1.1™ (Operon Technologies, CA, USA) composed of 5,677 oligonucleotides (70mers), each representing one gene. We compared the gene expression profile of treated rats versus reference pools obtained by combined RNA extracted from control groups fed the same diets devoid of polyphenols. In the colon mucosa white DAW modified the expression of 186 genes relative to the controls (38 down-regulated and 148 up-regulated), whereas red DAW modulated 477 genes (247 down-regulated and 202 up-regulated). GenMAPP and MAPPFinder analysis revealed that red and white DAW had similar effects on genes regulating cell growth, transport, regulation of transcription and metabolism; red wine had additional effects on genes regulating biological processes such as apoptosis, inflammatory and defense responses, blood coagulation and xenobiotic metabolism. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants rich in flavonols had effects on gene regulation mainly at the level of the liver, where they up-regulated several pathways, among which the MAPkinase genes (pro-apoptotic pathway), G protein and insulin signaling. On the contrary mutants containing flavonols and anthocyanines showed effects mostly in the colon mucosa, they were similar to those previously described by us upon treatment with red wine, in particular the down-regulation of interleukines and TNF, metalloproteinases and genes associated to the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Although the effects on oxidation damages were disappointing in these experiments, most treatments with polyphenol-rich foods seemed to have effects on gene regulation showing that some of the absorbed polyphenols have regulatory effects on gene function, which are probably related to their physiological effects.
2006
Molecular and physiological effects of bioactive food compounds
Cost 926/927 Conference "Molecular and physiological effects of bioactive food compounds
Vienna, Austria
C. Luceri; L. Giovannelli; V. Pitozzi; P. Dolara
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Utilizza questo identificatore per citare o creare un link a questa risorsa: https://hdl.handle.net/2158/777027
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