I sei anni dimenticati. Spunti per una riconsiderazione del governo ghibellino di Firenze: 1260-1266

The six years in which Florence was under the dominion of the Ghibellines (1260-–1266) are surprisingly devoid of written records. Later chroniclers paint a picture of a dispirited Florence whose 'Popolo' had lost all representation and freedom, but recent historiographical acquisitions (Diacciati, Canaccini) and a fresh look at some of the classics on Florentine municipal history (Davidsohn, Salvemini, Ottokar) seem to indicate that 'Popolo' were not in fact excluded from city governance at this time. Instead, it appears that the institutional configuration in place (the 'Anzianato'), linked to an intransigent opposition to the 'partes', was replaced by another (the 'Arti'), more inclined to dialogue with the city’s nobility