onsumption of alcoholic beverages reduces the risk of Coronary Artery Disease(CAD), and epidemiological studies have shown that ethanol per se is protective.However, the mechanism by which ethanol exerts protection is not fully known. Inparticular, the release of the potent vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)has been advocated as a potential mechanism. It has been demonstrated that ethanol isable to induce dilatation in porcine small size coronary arteries, increase coronary flow inguinea-pig isolated hearts, produce relaxation of human gastroepiploic artery andincrease guinea-pig dura mater blood flow. For the study concerning acute red wine(Chianti) assumption, five volunteer normal male subjects (age range 49-82 yr)underwent to four different meals: (1) typical Mediterranean diet + red wine (300 mlChianti); (2) typical Mediterranean diet without wine; (3) red wine only; (4) Meat only(300 g low-cooked Florentine beef-steak). Serum Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)determinations (mol/L Trolox Equivalents, by chemiluminescent assay) wereperformed at 0', +1h, +2h during the four different meals. Results showed that differentmeals influenced serum TAC, at various time intervals, to different extents. Theincreased serum TAC, induced by red wine ingestion, appeared to be mediated by urate.For the long term red wine (Chianti) assumption, we studied serum TAC in a group ofoldest-old (centenarian, 100 - 105 years) subjects who have been moderate red wineconsumers (<500 ml/day of Chianti) during their life. The study involved 26 healthycentenarian subjects, of both sexes (9 men and 17 women), age range 100-105 years. In aprevious study, it was found that TAC was reduced in healthy centenarians in comparisonto young and middle-age normal subjects. Based on these results, we concluded that thereduced antioxidant capacity in centenarian moderate drinkers, might be explained by aseries of metabolic deficiency in centenarians as compared to both young and middle-agesubjects. In conclusion, the "in vivo" studies, in humans, showed the positive effect ofred wine (Chianti) assumption in the serum TAC, mainly due to the presence ofpolyphenols. We could conclude that red wine (Chianti) administration probably exert adouble-face action, due to ethanol per se, and to poliphenolic compounds.
Protective effects of alcohol and red wine consumption: From bench to population / Petruzzi E.; Benemei S.; Pinzani P.; De Siena G.; Malentacchi F.; Petruzzi I.; Geppetti P.; Pazzagli M.; Marchionni N.. - STAMPA. - (2009), pp. 217-227.
Protective effects of alcohol and red wine consumption: From bench to population
Petruzzi E.;Benemei S.;Pinzani P.;De Siena G.;Malentacchi F.;Geppetti P.;Marchionni N.
2009
Abstract
onsumption of alcoholic beverages reduces the risk of Coronary Artery Disease(CAD), and epidemiological studies have shown that ethanol per se is protective.However, the mechanism by which ethanol exerts protection is not fully known. Inparticular, the release of the potent vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)has been advocated as a potential mechanism. It has been demonstrated that ethanol isable to induce dilatation in porcine small size coronary arteries, increase coronary flow inguinea-pig isolated hearts, produce relaxation of human gastroepiploic artery andincrease guinea-pig dura mater blood flow. For the study concerning acute red wine(Chianti) assumption, five volunteer normal male subjects (age range 49-82 yr)underwent to four different meals: (1) typical Mediterranean diet + red wine (300 mlChianti); (2) typical Mediterranean diet without wine; (3) red wine only; (4) Meat only(300 g low-cooked Florentine beef-steak). Serum Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)determinations (mol/L Trolox Equivalents, by chemiluminescent assay) wereperformed at 0', +1h, +2h during the four different meals. Results showed that differentmeals influenced serum TAC, at various time intervals, to different extents. Theincreased serum TAC, induced by red wine ingestion, appeared to be mediated by urate.For the long term red wine (Chianti) assumption, we studied serum TAC in a group ofoldest-old (centenarian, 100 - 105 years) subjects who have been moderate red wineconsumers (<500 ml/day of Chianti) during their life. The study involved 26 healthycentenarian subjects, of both sexes (9 men and 17 women), age range 100-105 years. In aprevious study, it was found that TAC was reduced in healthy centenarians in comparisonto young and middle-age normal subjects. Based on these results, we concluded that thereduced antioxidant capacity in centenarian moderate drinkers, might be explained by aseries of metabolic deficiency in centenarians as compared to both young and middle-agesubjects. In conclusion, the "in vivo" studies, in humans, showed the positive effect ofred wine (Chianti) assumption in the serum TAC, mainly due to the presence ofpolyphenols. We could conclude that red wine (Chianti) administration probably exert adouble-face action, due to ethanol per se, and to poliphenolic compounds.
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